The Ruling of Making Tabdee’ of Some of the Imaams of Ahlus Sunnah
Q: What is the ruling of making Tabdee’ of a group of the Imaams of Ahlus Sunnah with the proof that they made errors in ‘aqeedah, like an-Nawawi, Ibn Hajar and other than them?[1]
Whosoever makes a mistake, their mistake is not to be taken. Mistakes are rejected, as Maalik, may Allaah have mercy upon him, said, ‘There are none among us except those who reject and those who are rejected, except the owner of this grave.’ i.e. the prophet, sall Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. And every scholar makes mistakes and is correct. What is correct is taken and what is incorrect is left.
And if they are from the people of the Salafi ‘aqeedah and they fall in some errors, their errors are to be left. And they do not leave, by this, the Salafi ‘aqeedah, if they were well known with following the Salaf. Mistakes occur from them in the explanation of some ahadeeth or in some words they say and these mistakes are not to be accepted, nor is the person to be followed in them. And this is the case with all of the Imaams – if ash Shafi’ee or Abu Haneefah or Maalik or Ahmad or ath Thawree or al-Awza’ee or other than them err, what is correct from them is taken and the mistakes are left. And a mistake is that which contradicts the shar’ee proof, what Allaah and His messenger have said – no one is taken into account except with a mistake that contradicts the proof. And what is obligatory is to follow the truth.
Allaah, the Most High said: { What Allah gave as booty (Fai’) to His Messenger (Muhammad ) from the people of the townships, – it is for Allah, His Messenger (Muhammad ), the kindred (of Messenger Muhammad ), the orphans, Al-Masakin (the poor), and the wayfarer, in order that it may not become a fortune used by the rich among you. And whatsoever the Messenger (Muhammad) gives you, take it, and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain (from it)} [Al-Hashr 7].
The scholars are unanimous in that every person has sayings accepted and rejected, except for the messenger of Allaah, sall Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. What is obligatory is to follow what he came with and accept it without rejecting anything he came with, ‘alayhis salaatu was salaam, due to the noble ayah mentioned and other than it with the same meaning. And also due to the saying of the Most High, {(And) if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger, if you believe in Allah and in the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination.} [An-Nisa’: 59].
حكم تبديع بعض أئمة أهل السنة
ما حكم تبديع جملة من أئمة أهل السنة بحجة أنهم أخطأوا في العقيدة مثل النووي وابن حجر وغيرهما؟[1]
من أخطأ لا يؤخذ بخطئه، الخطأ مردود مثل ما قال مالك رحمه الله: “ما منا إلا راد ومردود عليه إلا صاحب هذا القبر” يعني النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وكل عالم يخطئ ويصيب فيؤخذ صوابه ويُترك خطؤه، وإذا كان من أهل العقيدة السلفية ووقع في بعض الأغلاط، فيترك الغلط ولا يخرج بهذا من العقيدة السلفية إذا كان معروفاً باتباع السلف، ولكن تقع منه بعض الأغلاط في بعض شروح الحديث أو في بعض الكلمات التي تصدر منه فلا يقبل الخطأ ولا يتبع فيه، وهكذا جميع الأئمة إذا أخطأ الشافعي أو أبو حنيفة أو مالك أو أحمد أو الثوري أو الأوزاعي أو غيرهم، يؤخذ الصواب ويترك الخطأ، والخطأ ما خالف الدليل الشرعي، وهو ما قاله الله ورسوله، فلا يؤخذ أحد من الناس إلا بخطأ يخالف الدليل، والواجب اتباع الحق، قال الله تعالى: مَّا أَفَاء اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَى فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ كَيْ لَا يَكُونَ دُولَةً بَيْنَ الْأَغْنِيَاء مِنكُمْ وَمَا آتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانتَهُوا[2].
وقد أجمع العلماء على أن كل إنسان يؤخذ من قوله ويترك إلا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فالواجب اتباع ما جاء به وقبوله وعدم رد شيء مما جاء به عليه الصلاة والسلام؛ للآية الكريمة المذكورة، وما جاء في معناها، ولقوله تعالى: فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلاً[3].
[1] سؤال موجه لسماحته بعد الدرس الذي ألقاه في المسجد الحرام بتاريخ 25/12/1418هـ.
[2] سورة الحشر، الآية 7.
[3] سورة النساء، الآية 59.
[1] A question posed to the Shaykh after a lesson he gave in the Masjid al-Haram on 25/12/1418 AH.
The Arabic text taken from http://www.binbaz.org.sa/mat/4168 – accessed 4/2/13CE (24th Rabi al-Awwal 1434)
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